so as i explained earlier there is 10 consonants and 5 double consonants.

consonants in korean is called 자음 ja-eum

but here i will explain the sound and name of the consonants

consonants; ᄀ ᄂ ᄃ ᄅ ᄆ ᄇ ᄉ ᄋ ᄌ ᄎ ᄏ ᄐ ᄑ ᄒ

ᄀ this letter has a middle sound between G and K for top sound and K for bottom sound. so 각 would be gak even though it's the same letter.
the letter is called Gi-yeok 기역

ᄂ this letter has N for both top and bottom sound. so 난 would be nan.
the letter is called Ni-eun 니은

ᄃ this letter has a middle sound between D and T for top sound and T for bottom sound. so 닫 would be dat, but the T sound sounds alot like a D sound, cause it cuts short, so you can just pronounce it as D.
the letter is called Di-geut 디귿.

ᄅ this letter has R for top sound and L for bottom sound. so 랄 would be Ral. but we pronounce our R different, in english the R kinda has a V/W sound where in korean it has more if the L sound, it's kinda hard to explain.
the letter is called Ri-eul 리을.

ᄆ this letter has M for both top and bottom sound. so 맘 would be mam.
the letter is called Mi-eum 미음.

ᄇ this letter has a middle sound between B and P for top sound and P for bottom sound. so 밥 would be bap, but the P is not as strong as the actual P. this letter is also sometimes used for the v/w like in Redvelvet (레드벨벳 Redeu belbet)
the letter is called Bi-eup 비읍

ᄉ this letter has S for top sound and T for bottom sound. so 삿 would be sat.
the letter is called Si-ot 시옷.

ᄋ this letter is silent for top sound and ng for bottom sound. so 앙 would be  ang. the letter is called i-eung 이응. (a quick note; if you can't decide if something is Korean Chinese or Japanese, then if there is cirkels it korean)

ᄌ this letter has J for top sound and T for bottom sound. so 잦 would be jat.
the letter is called Ji-eut 지읒.

ᄎ this letter has CH (as in Chicken) for top sound and T for bottom sound. so 찿 would be chat.
the letter is called Chi-eut 치읓.

ᄏ this letter has K for both top and bottom sound. so 캌 would be kak. but the K is stronger than with the bottom G.
the letter is called Ki-euk 키읔

ᄐ this letter has T for both top and bottom sound. so 탙 would be tat. bot the T is stronger than with the bottom D.
the letter is called Ti-eut 티읕.

ᄑ this letter has P for both top and bottom sound. so 팦 would be pap. but it has a more air sound than with the bottom B. this letter is also used as an F, example Finn would be 핀(pin).
the letter is called Pi-eup 피읖.

ᄒ it has H for both top and bottom sound(for bottom there is exeptions). so 핳 would be hah(with the last h being silent), but 핳이 would be ha-hi.
the letter is called Hi-eut 히읗

quick note; if you can remember the letters name you can remember their top and bottom sound

there is also double consonants. which in Korea is called ssang-ja-eum(쌍자음) which mean double/pair consonants. as you can see it already has a double consonants ᄊ. but mostly the difference between the double consonants and the normal consonants is the the double consonants is stronger

double consonants; ᄁ ᄄ ᄈ ᄊ ᄍ

ᄁ it has gg for top sound, but the G is stronger and it has K for bottom sound. so 깎(ggak) is like 각(gak) but the top G is stronger.
the letter is called Ssang-gi-yeok 쌍기역

ᄄ it has dd as top sound and has no bottom sound. so 따(dda) is like 다(da) but the D is stronger.
the letter is called Ssang-di-geut 쌍디귿.

ᄈ it has bb as top sound and has no bottom sound. so 빠(bba) is like 바(ba) but the b is stronger.
the letter is called Ssang-bi-eup 쌍비읍.

ᄊ it has ss for to sound and T for bottom sound. so 쌌(ssat) is like 삿(sat) but the s is stronger(the t is just t)
the letter is called Ssang-si-ot 쌍시옷.

ᄍ it has jj for top sound and no bottom sound. so 짜(jja) is like 자(ja) but the j is stronger.
the letter is called Ssang-ji-eut 쌍지읒.

but example there doesn't exist ㄴㄴ or ㄹㄹ but you can stil pronouce ㄴ and ㄹ stronger. but they don't exist as double consonants. but there is example 안나 where the n is at the bottom and at the top, so technically the n is doubled. but 안나 would be pronounced as anna(an-na), but if it was written as 아나(a-na) the n wouldn't be as strong. but there is alot more double consonants that goes on the bottom that i will explain later.

but you can kinda pair some of the letters; ᄀ & ᄏ, ㄷ & ㅌ, ㅂ & ㅍ, ㅈ & ㅊ, ㅇ & ㅎ. but don't confuse them with the double consonants.

but now you learned all the 14 consonants and the 5 double consonants