July 16, 1945: The Atomic Age begins when the United States successfully detonates a plutonium-based test nuclear weapon near Alamogordo, New Mexico.

July 17, 1203: The Fourth Crusade troops, capture Constantinople by assault. The Byzantine emperor Alexios III Angelos flees from his capital into exile.

July 18, 1290: King Edward I of England issues the Edict of expulsion, banishing 16000 Jews from England.

July 19, 64: The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation destroying half the city and causing damages to the Circus Maximus.

July 20, 1917: The Corfu Declaration which leads to the creation of the post-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia, is signed by the Yugoslav Committee and Kingdom of Serbia.

July 21, 1969: Neil Armstrong  becomes the first person to step on the Moon at 2:56:15 AM (GMT)

July 22, 1099:  First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem

July 23, 1215: Frederick II crowned King of the Romans (King of the Germans) in Aachen

July 24, 1534: Jacques Cartier lands in Canada and claims it for France

July 25, 1997: Scientists announce the first human stem cells to be cultured in a laboratory using tissue taken from aborted human embryos

July 26, 1945: Declaration of Potsdam: US, Britain and China demand the Japanese surrender during WWII

July 27, 1586: Sir Walter Raleigh brings first tobacco to England from Virginia

July 28, 1794: French Revolution figure Robespierre & 22 other leaders of "the Terror" guillotined to thunderous cheers in Paris

July 29, 1921: Adolf Hitler becomes leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party

July 30, 1178: Frederick I (Barbarossa), Holy Roman Emperor, crowned King of Burgundy

July 31, 2007: Operation Banner, the presence of the British Army in Northern Ireland, and longest-running British Army operation ever, comes to an end