cau 21: can cu vao nhung gi de xd nhiet do ham, san luong cua may loc, xd giua 2lan xa loc va lua chon kich thuoc vanh dieu chinh?

Tl:

1. chon nhiet do ham: can cu vao do nhot cau dau, thong qua do thi xdinh nhietdo phan ly ta se tim dc nhiet do ham toi uu. thong thuong T/ham nho T/do hoa hoi va ben chay coc kin cua nhlieu

2. chon san luong cho may loc: tuy theo dau can phan ly ma va mloc tien co ma ta chon san luong ply cua may loc phu hop voi yeu cau va dam bao chluong. moi mloc co 1san luong thuc khac voi san luong dinhmuc vi loai dau can loc co do nhot,ty trong, ham luong tap chat va ham luong nuoc khac voi ly thuyet. d/v mloc su dung cho dau dot thi ta chon san luong =115% san luong dua can thiet cho M/E. d/v mloc dau nhon sluong nen chon tu1/3-1/2 sluong ghi tren mloc.

Ngoai ra ta phia tham khao huong dan cua nha che tao de dua ra sluong ply toi uu.

3. PP chon vanh dieu chinh: co 3pp de chon duong kinh trong cua vanh dchinh.> dchinh mat phan ly giua 2 pha dau va nuoc

- pp tra bang: tuy theo nha che tao ma nguoi ta dua ra pp chon vanh dchinh, dua tren cac tso T/ham, ty trong, do nhot...

- pp do thi

pp tinh: γo (D²-d²o)=γ w(D²-d²w)> γo/ γ w = D²-d²w/ D²-d²o

D: dg kinh mat phan cach, kthuoc co dinh

do: dg kinh trong cua cua dau sach ra khoi trong, co dinh

dw: dg kinh trong cua nuoc thoat ra khoi trong, dg kinh vanh d/c

γo, γ w trong luong rieng dau, nuoc. ty so γo/ γ w goi la ty trong dac trung cua dau o nhdo phan ly

Cau22: trbay hth tuan hoan dau boi tron cac te kho cho dco trang bi may loc dau 3pha. nhung luu y khi kthac ht

TL: ve sdo, ngyen ly hd

nhung luu y khi kthac hthong:

- do trang bi mloc 3pha nen phai thuong xuyen theo doi mloc, tuan thu qui tac van hanh

- thuong xuyen theo doi va vsinh cac phin loc

- dam bao ap luc va T boi tron

- dam bao luong bau

- vsinh sinh han theo dinh ky hoac som hon neu nsuat lam mat kem

Cau23: 1so truc trac khi kthac may loc. neu nguyen nhan va dua ra bien phap khac phuc.

TL:

1. dau ra theo dg nuoc:

- nuoc dem qua it: tang luong nc

- vanh dchinh ko dung: dg kinh trong vanh dchinh qua lon

- nhiet do dau loc qua thap

- trong dong ko kin: ktra hthong tu dong dong mo trong

- cap dau vao qua dot ngot

- vong quay ko du: do khop noi masat bi truot, phanh ham dang dong..

2. dau trao ra cua xa can

- trong dong ko kin: co the do nc dem ko du..

- do mainsealing bi hong:

3. nuoc lan trong dau sau phan ly:

- cua xa nuoc bi tac

- chon vanh dchinh co dg qua nho

- cap nc dem qua nhieu

4. luong dau cap vao mloc giam

- do bom hut hong: bom banh rang ...

- co ko khi do lot vao duong hut...

- phin loc tac..

- vong quay cua mloc nho

- khop noi bom va mloc hong

- van tuan hoan chua mo het

5. dong co dien bi qua tai:

- hthong truyen dong co su co: do lap rap

- phanh ham trong dang dong

-Vong bi cua mloc, dco bi hong

6. Mloc co tieng rung dong ko binh thuong:

- lap rap sau schua ko dung

- trong bi ban..

- truc tuyen dong cua trong co van de

7. Dau trong cacte bi nhu tuong:

- do co nuoc trong dau boi tron

Cau24: trong ht loc dau duoi tau co tbi may loc dau DO,Fo neu truong hop1trong2 mloc su co...?

TL: trong ht loc dau duoi tau co tbi may loc dau DO,Fo neu truong hop1trong2 mloc su co mloc con lai co knang thay the dc cho mloc kia. de tang do an toan trong kthac va giam luong tbi trong ht loc dau co tbi ml FO,DO thi cac ml nay hoan toan co the thay the cho nhau dc va ket cua cac ml la hoan toan giong nhau.

Khi chuyen doi can co cac thao tac sau:

- chuyen van de ht lviec voi ml ko bi truc trac

- thay vanh dchinh dung voi chung loai dau can loc

Cau25: gthich ngnhan dau ra theo dg xa can d/v ml xa can lien tuc. xu ly ntnao?

TL: ngnhan nay chi xay rakhi luu luong cua bom cap nuoc dem cho ml it hon luong nuoc thoat ra qua lo xa can. do trang thai bom cap nuoc qua kem.

truong hop nay co the xu ly tam thoi bang cach bit bot lo xa can cho den khi nao luong cap nuoc vao co the dc nuoc dem. de xly triet de , bom cap nuoc dem phai dc bao duong, dam bao luu luong bom tuong thich voi luong nuoc thoat ra qua lo xa can

Cau26: nhung ngnhan nao gay ra cho bom ly tamva bom piston hut kem or ko hut dc chlong? pp phat hien ngnhan va cach khphuc?

TL: 1: ngnhan do bom:

- bom bi e do ko khi lot vao co truc bom. khi xa e cho bom ta thay nhie ko khi trong bom.>khac phuc bang cach thay phot or TRET lam kin.

- trang thai kthuat cua bom kem, cac khe ho lon: tr hop nay ta ktra bang cach cho bom chay voi nuoc moi, xa khi cho bom sau do dong tu tu van hut de kiem tra do chan ko tai cau hut cua bom. neu khe ho lon thi knang ha cahn ko cua bom kem. Bom can dc bao duong

- Clape hut or day bi kenh(d/v bom pis ton) neu clpe hut or bi kenh thi knang hut cua bom kem or ko hut dc chlong neu toan bo clape bi kenh. tr hop nay can phai ra lai clape

2. ng nhan do dg ong hut:

- khi bom ko hut dc chat long, asuat hut thap thi phin loc bi tac hoac van hut chua mo. ktra lai va mo het van, vsinh phinloc

khi bom ko hut dc chlong, asuat ko ha thi dg ong hut bi thung or ho. tim va tren ong va mat bich xu ly

Cau27: khi nao can ghep 2bom lviec // or noi tiep? cminh knang lv cua cac bom ghep do va khia chung ntnao?

TL:

1. khi can luu luong cua ht ma 1bom ko dam bao thi luc do ta ghep 2 hay nhieu bom hd //. d/v truong hop ghep nay thi cot ap cua ht= cot ap cua tung bom, con luu luong thi = tong luu luong 2bom.

2. khi can ap suat cua ht tang ma 1bom ko dbao thi luc do ta ghep 2hay nhieu bom hd noi tiep. d/v tr hop ghep nay thi cot ap ht bang tong cot ap cua cac bom, con luu luong thi bang luu luong cua tung bom.

Cau28: ngnhan nao gay ra cho bom banh rang ko tao dc ap luc cao or ko hut dc chat long. pp phat hien ngnhan va cach khphuc?

TL:

1. ng nhan do bom: khe ho huong truc hoac huong kinh qua lon. tr hop nay apsuat hut va day deu thap> bao duong lai bom, thay bac hoac vong bi do truc. duy tri khe ho nay trong g/han khe ho laprap

bom ko dc moi, tr hop nay ta ktra lai van 1chieu cua day cua bom, sau do moi lai bom

van an toan dat qua thap or bi kenh: bduong lai van , diau chinh lai ap saut mo van

2. ng nhan do hthong: duong ong hut bi ho> xaE cho bom thay co nhieu khi> tim cho ho va xu ly

phin loc qua ban> asuat day va hut cua bom deu thap> Vsinh ploc.

Cau29: may nen khi 2 cap co lm trung ntn goi la tot? luu y khi kthac

TL MN dc coi la tot khi no co knang nen dc khi voi asuat cao, tgian nen nhanh, than MN ko qua nong, Mn chay em, dong cau MN trong g/han, lo thong hoi cacte khi thoat ra ko manh, ap luc dau btron cao

Khi kthac can luu y:

- thuong xuyen ktra cluong dau, apluc dau boi tron(o do somi xilanh, dau btron cap thu2) nhiet do than MN, thoi gian MN chay, dong MN

- thuong xuyen ktra va xa nuoc dong trong MN va tai bau lam mat trung gian

- thuong xuyen vsinh bau lam mat trung gian

- dinh ky bao duong clape cua MN

Cau 34: ycau cau ht thuy luc de nag cao do tin cay? Giai thich..

TL: cac ycau cau ht thuy luc

- truoc khi cho ht hdong can phai ktra va bsung dau day du, xa E cho ht> nhu vay ht moi lviec em ko rung

- tuyet doi ko dc bsung dau ban vao ht, phai dam bao dau luon sach

- khi lap rap bom voi dong co lai phai dam bao do dong tam

- thuong xuyen ktra, vsinh phin loc, va ktra trthai lv cua ht

- ca dg ong phai dc co dinh chac chan de tranh rung dong

- khi bduong hoac thay the ctiet thi truoc khi lap rap phai vsinh sach se,

- ong ngoai troi phai dc son boc, tranh sup ha huy cua nuoc bien

Cau 35: trinh bay may lai dien-thuy luc? Truc trac thuong gap?

So do va nguyen li hdong: trang 11(sgk)

Khi ht bi truc trac phai chuyen ngay sang che do lai su co de dam bao an toan cho con tau. Truong hop tau trbi 2bom ma bom dang hdong bi su co thi ta chuyen sang dung bom du phong. Ngay sau khi chuyen sang che do lai su co ta phai nhanh chong tim ra nguyen nhan va khac phuc trong khoang thoi gian ngan nhat de dam bao an toan cho con tau...

Cau 39: pitch nguyen nha ko hut dc nuoc ballast trong cac ket? Cach xu ly

Tl:

1. nguyen nhan do bom: ta ktra ngnhan nay bang cah hut nc ngoai man sau do dong dan van hut de ktra knang ha chan ko tai cau hut cua bom . neu bom ko tot thi ta dung bom thay the: bom GS, bom nuoc bien lmat M/E..

2. nguyen nhan do hthong: ta cung co the ktra bang cach dung bom khac de bom thu, neu bom dc thi ht ko truc trac.

Trong tr hop ong thung ta co the bom ket do bang cach xdinh ong thung tai vtri ket nao(thuong thi ong chui qua nhieu ket).. mot so truong hop ket ta hut da het nhung do lo do bi tac nen ko xdinh dc. Trhop nay xd chieu cao lo do va chieu cao do thuc te...

Cau41: trinh bay ht cuu hoa bang bot, no dung cho dam chay nao? Tr bay cach van hanh ht?

TL: nguyen ly cuu hoa bang bot la bao trum bot len dam chay de cach ly dam chay voi ko khi. Ht nay sdung dedap tat cac dam chay be mat nhu chay dau, xang tren be mat rong.

Trinh tu thao tac ht:

- chay bom cuu hoa de lay nuoc cuu hoa

- Mo van cuu hoa toi tram bot de nc hoa tron voi ddich tao bot

- noi voi rong vao ht cuu hoa tai vtri can cuu hoa

- mo van cuu hoa de bot bao trum dam chay, cho den khi dam chay dc dap tat hoan toan

- khoa cac van lai va tat bom c/hoa

d/v tram c/hoa dat sau bom thi dung xong ta phai vsinh binh va nap dung dich moi

Cau 42: HT cuu hoa bang CO2?

Quy trinh c/h bang CO2 duoi buong may:

- Giat van dong nhanh cac van dau duoi buong may

- Tat quat thong gio buong may

- Mo cua tram Co2 buong may de bao dong cho moi nguoi duoi b/may biet va thoat ra ngoai,

- Dong tat ca cac cua xuong b/may

- Sau khoang tgian 1-3 phut de nhung nguoi copn lai trong b/may thoat ra ngoai, ta tien hanh mo van CO2 cap xuong b/may

- Sau tgian 30' den 1h thi tien hanh mo cua b/may, bat quat thong gio va tim nguyen nhan gay chay

Cau43: trinh bay ht thuy luc dieu khien buoc chan vit? Quy trinh khai thac va bduong ht do?

TL: hinh trong may dt, se dc hinh

Nguyen ly hoat dong: bom p co nhiem vu cap dau thuy lcu vao he thong. Van phan phoi V cho phep dan dau thuy luc vao khoang A or B cua xilanh dcih buoc cvit thong qua co cau dan dau D. bang viec dieu khien van V, piston luc se dich chuyen va lam guoc E xoay canh chan vit toi muc ma nguoi khai thac doi hoi.

• Quy trinh khthac hethong:

+ chuan bi ht vao lam viec:

- Chay bom dich buoc va bom dieu khien(neu co)

- De tay dkhien tai vitri 'o' kiem tra vitri 'o' that voi chi bao tren ban dkhien

- Dieu khien buoc chan vit theo chieu toi va lui de ktra knang dich cau canh cvit

- Chinh lai thong nhat vtri 'o' tai cac vtri

+theo doi ht:

- Cho may chinh chay , neu co ly hop thi vao ly hop va ktra vtri 'o' that(khi truc quay nhung chan vit ko dap nuoc theo chieu nao)neu sai thi chinh lai

- Thuong xuyen ktra va vsinh phin loc, ktra muc dau trong ket va ktra do lot

- Neu thay ap suat dieu khien ko on dinh thi tphai bao duong, chinh dinh lai van dieu chin hap luc

+ dung ht:

Dua tay dkhien ve vtri 'o', tat bom sau do khoa van gio dieu khien neu ht dieu khien bang khi nen.

Cau44: phan tich nguyen nhan khi cau lviec co hien tuong troi can, troi hang hoac cau chi lviec dc mot chieu d/v cau thuy luc? Cach xu ly nguyen nhan do?

TL: d/v cau thuy luc de giu ma hang or can ko troi thi co 3 nguyentac giu:

- Giu bang phanh thuy luc: khi cau lam viec thi phanh mo ra, con khi ko dkhien cau thi phanh se giu ma hang or can lai. Truong hop nay troi can, ma hang la do luc giu cua phanh ko du(co the ma phanh qua mon or ta chua tang het phanh)truong hop nay ta chi viec tang phanh or thay ma phanh neu no qua mon

- Giu cum van can bang: truong hop nay neu can or hang bi troi co the do van can bang ko dong het or dong ko kin. Truong hop nay chi can bao duong van la dc. Truong hop cum van nay lap nguoc, or dco quay nguoc ta phai dao chieu quay or dao van

- Giu bang ma ma sat(dco ro to huong truc Or huong kinh)truong hop nay co the do so luong ma sat lap ko du or cac ma qua mon, luc ep ko du. Truong hop nay ktra v adieu chinh ma ma sat

Truong hop cau chi lam viec dc mot chieu:

- Van can bang bi ket. Bao duong lai van

- Tay trangchi dieu khian mot phia:bao duong lai tay trang