bhanumati
Duryodhana’s wife name is “Bhanumati”. she was princess of the daughter of king Chitrangada and princess of Kalinga. As Bhanumati wasn't directly involved in the main events of the epic, not much is written about her in the Mahabharata. In the epic, she is mainly mentioned at two places: in Stri Parva by Queen Gandhari and in Shanthi Parva by sage Narada, describing her swayamvar ceremony.
During Bhanumati's Swayamvara, she is described by Sage Narada as being a maiden of the fairest complexion.
Queen Gandhari describes Bhanumati was large of hips, with long hair. She praises her intelligence and physical strength, saying that she used to mock-wrestle with Duryodhana. Gandhari does in this in the context of saying how Bhanumati has changed seeing her husband and son dead on the battlefield, saying that Bhanumati is still very beautiful, but broken inside.
Duryodhana was one of the participant of Princess Bhanumati's Swayamvara.Many legendary rulers like Shishupala, Jarasandha, Bhishmaka, Vakra, Kapotaroman, Nila, Rukmi, Sringa, Asoka, Satadhanwan etc. attended the ceremony. After the commencing of the ceremony, the lovely Bhanumati entered the arena with garland in her hand, surrounded by her nurse maid and bodyguards. As she was being informed about the names of the participants & their lineage, she walked away from Duryodhana. Duryodhana refusing to accept her rejection and already smitten by Bhanumati, took her away on his chariot challenging other suitors to beat him & Karna. Karna successfully battled with the rest of the suitors to protect his friend. Karna easily defeated the pursuing Kings and the other royal suitors abandoned their pursuit after seeing Karna's fighting prowess. On reaching Hastinapur, Duryodhana justified his act by giving the example of his great grandfather Bhishma abducting three princess of Kashi for his step brothers. Finally, Bhanumati consented and married Duryodhana.
Bhanumathi and Duryodhan had two children, a son Lakshmana and a daughter Lakshmanaa. Lakshmana was killed by Abhimanyu in the Mahabharata war. Lakshmanaa married Samba, the son of Krishna, after he had abducted her.
Bhagadatta, the king of Pragjyotishya. While not much more is known about her, some versions of the Mahabharata state that Bhanumathi was one person who raised severe objections to Draupadi’s treatment after the game of dice when Duhshasana tried to disrobe her in the Kaurava court. Legend has it that Draupadi’s temper was ferocious and fearing that this foul temper of hers would cause immediate destruction to Duryodhana and his brothers, Bhanumathi is said to have come running to Draupadi’s aid and requesting Duryodhana to stop this humiliation meted out to her.
Another incident where Bhanumathi finds a mention in this great epic is to provide an example of some of Duryodhana’s positive traits. Apparently in one instance, Bhanumathi and Karna were playing a game of dice where the stakes were substantial materially. As the game progressed, it became evident that Karna was winning.
Just then Duryodhana entered the chamber where Karna had his back to the door and could not see him come in. Seeing her husband come in, Bhanumathi stood up as a mark of respect as was the norm for a married woman. Karna, however, mistook her to be trying to escape the embarrassment of certain defeat in the game, and snatched at her drape which was embedded with pearls.
The thread of the drape snapped and all the pearls fell to the floor. Bhanumathi was quite stunned and did not quite know how to react to the situation. For all practical purposes, Duryodhana had every reason to misunderstand her and Karna’s behavior which looked extremely offensive and insensitive. Sensing her discomfort, Karna turned around to see what she was looking at and immediately noticed his friend walking into the chamber. He was also shocked as he realized what the scene would look like to Duryodhana. He mentally prepared himself for the inevitable consequences knowing fully well that the scene would enrage his friend beyond control.
However, what happened next is mentioned as an example of one of the few positive traits of Duryodhana.
The only question that Duryodhana asked Bhanumathi was “Should I just collect all the beads or should I go ahead and string them as well?”
Both his wife and his best friend had misjudged his reaction to the perceived situation. Duryodhana had a lot of implicit trust and faith, both in his queen and in his best friend. Not for one split second did he suspect either of them of doing anything wrong. Such was his faith in his wife and friend.
What I personally found very interesting is that despite the fact that this great epic is 100,000 verses long and has been rewritten multiple times by various authors, none of them deemed it necessary to include the character of Duryodhana’s wife. While the epic talks about how Dhritarashtra and Gandhari grieve for all their sons killed in the way, I was left wondering how Bhanumathi reacted when her husband was deceitfully killed by Bhima during the gadhayudha.
Did she resign herself to the fact that her husband begot the rewards of his unjust actions or was there a part of her which was angry at the way the Pandavas bent the rules of warfare to ensure that they defeated her husband comprehensively in the war? This is probably a question that we can debate about, but would never
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