Ten Reasons Muhammad have not authored the Qur'an. (Part one)

Notice that : The prophet Muhammad peace be upon him was illiterate and Allah chose him (as one of the reason) for sending his message to mankind for being illiterate to be as strong plea upon the people of Quraish who accused the prophet of authoring the Qur'an by himself. Allah know that the people of Quraish and Arabs were very good in literature and they would defiantly recognize that the Qur'an can't be authorised by a human being and they knew Muhammad very well and he was known as being honest and trustworthy man and they knew about him being illiterate so these facts revoked all their accusations. So Keep in mind that he was illiterate through reading this.

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A problem facing many Scriptures is multiple authorship over many generations. The Old Testament consists of 39 books authored by numerous individuals over a period of many centuries. The New Testament contains 27 books written by multiple authors spanning a period of nearly half a century. The questions and uncertainties that surround the chronology and authorship of the Bible, for example many of the books were written anonymously, only serve to hinder one from accepting, at least wholesale, that it is the pure word of God.

This is not a problem that affects the Qur'an. There is no doubt that Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, was the person responsible for transmitting the Qur'an. There are mass historical reports that support this claim, and the Qur'an itself confirms that it was revealed to him. Although Muhammad was responsible for transmitting the Qur'an, was he its author? It will now be demonstrated that it is impossible for Muhammad to have been the author of the Qur'an:

1. HE WAS NOT A POET

Many non-Muslims are unaware that the Qur'an was not originally delivered to its first audience in the form of writing, but rather speech. Remarkably the Qur'an often did not have the opportunity for an editorial process, as many verses were revealed on the spot as a response to questions and challenges that were brought forward to Prophet Muhammad from both believers and non-believers. Moreover, although the Qur'an was revealed gradually over a period of 23 years, it did not go through multiple revisions as it was revealed. This is in contrast to the New Testament which has undergone numerous corrections as the manuscripts were passed from one scribe to another and they decided to correct each other's mistakes. So had any mistakes or errors crept into the Qur'an, it would have been extremely difficult to correct or retract them given the rapid and mass spread of the Qur'an to multiple tribes and countries.

In the face of all these obstacles, one would naturally expect the Qur'an to exhibit traits of incoherence, contradictions, redundancy, errors and other such issues. This couldn't be further from the truth, as the Qur'an is incontestably the standard of the Arabic tongue, a literary masterpiece. Every page of the Qur'an is literally filled with such rhetorical devices and literary nuances.

Prophet Muhammad could not read or write. The Qur'an itself confirms this:

"Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered prophet, whom they find written in what they have of the Torah and the Gospel..." [Chapter 7, verse 157]

Moreover throughout his life, prior to Prophethood, Muhammad did not have a reputation for poetry. In fact we know from history that at a personal level he disliked it and wasn't a skilled poet. There are instances where he attempted to relate some poetry and would jumble the words up [1]:

Qatadah narrated, Aisha was asked: Did the Prophet, may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, use to relate anything from poetry?" She said: It was most detestable thing to him except that (at times) he used to relate a verse from the person of Banu Qays and he jumbled it up. Abu Bakr told him it was not like that. So the Prophet of Allah said, "By Allah I am not a poet and neither is it appropriate for me."

How could a man, unable to read or write and without any reputation for being a poet, have authored the Qur'an, the most important work (in terms of literary merits) in the whole of Arabic literature?

2. THE QUR'AN IS INIMITABLE

Perhaps the greatest miracle of the Qur'an is its inimitability. The author of the Qur'an tells us that it is impossible for any human being or jinn to produce just one chapter like the Qur'an, even if we were to all aid one another in the effort:

Say, "If mankind and the jinn gathered in order to produce the like of this Qur'an, they could not produce the like of it, even if they were to each other assistants." [Chapter 17, verse 88]

What's remarkable is that the tools needed to meet this challenge are the finite grammatical rules and the twenty eight letters that comprise the Arabic language; these are independent and objective measures available to all. For argument's sake, were the origin of the Qur'an merely the invention of the mind of Prophet Muhammad, then surely another human being, with equal or greater literary ability, should be able to produce a chapter like it. Many have tried and failed to meet this challenge, and this is in spite of having the very blueprint, i.e. the Qur'an itself, as an example.

The Arabs at the time considered themselves (and are still considered by historians and linguists to this day) to be masters of the Arabic language. If the Qur'an was written by Prophet Muhammad, why were not Arab scholars and linguists able to rival it? The failure of those at the peak of their trade - mastery of the Arabic language - to rival the Qur'an which challenged them should make one think.

2. THE QUR'AN IS INIMITABLE

Perhaps the greatest miracle of the Qur'an is its inimitability. The author of the Qur'an tells us that it is impossible for any human being or jinn to produce just one chapter like the Qur'an, even if we were to all aid one another in the effort:

Say, "If mankind and the jinn gathered in order to produce the like of this Qur'an, they could not produce the like of it, even if they were to each other assistants." [Chapter 17, verse 88]

What's remarkable is that the tools needed to meet this challenge are the finite grammatical rules and the twenty eight letters that comprise the Arabic language; these are independent and objective measures available to all. For argument's sake, were the origin of the Qur'an merely the invention of the mind of Prophet Muhammad, then surely another human being, with equal or greater literary ability, should be able to produce a chapter like it. Many have tried and failed to meet this challenge, and this is in spite of having the very blueprint, i.e. the Qur'an itself, as an example.

The Arabs at the time considered themselves (and are still considered by historians and linguists to this day) to be masters of the Arabic language. If the Qur'an was written by Prophet Muhammad, why were not Arab scholars and linguists able to rival it? The failure of those at the peak of their trade - mastery of the Arabic language - to rival the Qur'an which challenged them should make one think.

3. FREE OF CONTRADICTIONS

In spite of being revealed piecemeal over a period of 23 years, and in spite of many verses being revealed on the spot as a response to questions and challenges that arose unexpectedly, the Qur'an is remarkably free of contradiction. The Qur'an informs us that had its author been a human being then it would exhibit the following trait:

"Then do they not reflect upon the Qur'an? If it had been from [any] other than Allah, they would have found within it much contradiction." [Chapter 4, verse 82]

The Bible by comparison is filled with contradictions, both big and small which serves as clear evidence of human tampering.

4. HE IS PORTRAYED AS A VERY FALLIBLE HUMAN BEING

The position of sceptics is that Muhammad was nothing more than a power hungry megalomaniac, with his claims of divine inspiration being nothing more than an attempt to conquer Arabia and Islam being just another desert cult to emerge from a sea of desert cults.

Anyone who has studied cults and megalomaniacs from history will know that there are certain traits or a specific image that the leader of the cult will try to portray. In fact studies have shown that one of the defining features of a cult leader is that they portray an image of infallibility to their followers, whom are expected to revere the leader, with criticism and doubt not being tolerated. This is crucial in order for the cult leader to maintain control of their group.

For the sake of argument, if Muhammad was the author of the Qur'an, with Islam representing nothing more than a false desert cult, then one would expect the aforementioned trait of infallibility to be present throughout the Qur'an. Yet what we find in the Qur'an is the complete opposite, here is just one example:

The Prophet frowned and turned away because there came to him the blind man, [interrupting]. But what would make you perceive, [O Muhammad], that perhaps he might be purified or be reminded and the remembrance would benefit him? [Chapter,80, verses 1-4]

The above verses highlighted an incident where Muhammad was once sitting with some tribal leaders, inviting them to Islam. A blind man, who was already a Muslim, came to ask him some questions regarding Islam. Muhammad ignored him, as he was busy delivering the message of Islam to the tribal leaders, hoping their tribes would embrace Islam. Thereupon the revelation came reproaching him for ignoring the blind man. Why would an upstart cult leader undermine his own position of power and authority by dwelling on his mistakes?

5. JESUS AND OTHER PROPHETS ARE MENTIONED MORE TIMES BY NAME

Returning once again to the theme of cults and megalomaniacs, a common pattern among them is that they are authoritarian in their power structure and totalitarian in their control of the behaviour of their members. Again for the sake of argument, were Muhammad the author of the Qur'an, with Islam representing nothing more than a false desert cult, then one would expect the Qur'an to focus primarily on him. Yet again what we find in the Qur'an is the complete opposite, as it mentions other leaders (such as Abraham, Moses and Jesus) by name more times than Muhammad. The Qur'an commands Muslims to hold all of them in high regard:

Say (O Muslims): We believe in Allah and that which has been sent down to us and that which has been sent down to Ibrahim (Abraham), Isma'il (Ishmael), Ishaq (Isaac), Ya'qub (Jacob), and to Al-Asbat (the offspring of the twelve sons of Ya'qub), and that which has been given to Musa (Moses) and 'Isa (Jesus), and that which has been given to the Prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and to Him we have submitted (in Islam). [Chapter 2, verse 136]

Moreover unlike the case with Muhammad, the mistakes of these other leaders are never highlighted. To take things a step further, the Qur'an actually raises the status of these other leaders to a higher position than they have in their own Scriptures, because it denies the bad characteristics and evil sins attributed to them in the Bible! Why would an upstart cult leader not only mention other leaders more times than himself, but also praise them unequivocally and confirm their lofty statuses as Prophets?