ENL: English as Native Language all participants are native speakers of (some variety of) English.

eg. A wide variety of countries, such as Australia, Belize, Canada, Jamaica, the United Kingdom

and the United States, speak English as a native language. EFL: English as a Foreign Language some speakers (typically natives) take the role of teachers/advisors and others (non-natives) take a subordinate role as learners/non-experts.

e.g. Students in China who are learning English are considered EFL students because English is not the country's official language.

ELF: English as a Lingua Franca⇒ all participants are non-native speakers

e.g. English is used as a lingua franca across Europe, Asia, and Africa.