c10: nha nc la gi? hay trinh by nguon goc, ban chat va chuc nag of nha nc? dac trug va cuc nag cban of nha nc vo san? lien he qtrh xd nha nc xhcn o nta? 

1. nha nc la gi? 

nha nc la to chuc ctri of gc thog tri ve kte nham bve trat tu hien hanh va dan ap su fan khag of cac gc khac 

2. nguon goc, ban chat va chuc nag of nah nc 

a. nguon goc ra doi of nha nc: 

quan dem mac lenin khang dih: "nha nc la 1 fam tru lsu, nha nc chi ra doi, ton tai tr 1 gd nhat dih of su pt xh va se mat d khi nhg co so ton tai of no k con nua" 

cu the nha nc ra doi co nguon goc sau: 

- uc lg sx pt da dan den su ra doi che do tu huu va tu do xh phan chia thanh cac gc doi khag, thanh mau thuan gc k the deu hoa dc. dieu do dan den nguy co cac gc chang nhug tieu diet lan nhau ma con tieu diet luon ca xh. de tham hoa do k dien ra, 1 co quan quyen luc db ra doi, do la nha nc. nhu vay, nguyen nhan truc tiep of su xh nha nc la mau thuan gc k the dieu hoa dc, nguyen nhan sa xa la do co che do tu huu 

b. ban chat of nha nc: nha nc la of gc thog tri to chuc ra de t/h quyen luc ctri va loi ich kte of gc thog tri. cho nen ban chat of nha nc chinh la ban chat of gc dag thog tri va k co nah nc chung chug phi gc 

c. dac trug of nha nc: 

bat ky nha nc nao cug co 3 dac trug co ban sau: 

- nha nc quan ly dan cu tren 1 vug lanh tho nhat dinh 

- nha nc co 1 bo may quyen luc chuyen nghep mag tih cuog che dvoi moi thanh vien tr xh nhu quan doi, cah sat, toa an, nha tu...va bo may hanh chih quan lie 

- nn hthanh hthog thue khoa de duy tri va tag cuog bo may cai tri 

d. chuc nag of nah nc 

bat ky nn nao tr lsu cug co 2 chuc nag. tuy theo goc do khac nhau, chuc nag of nn dc phan chia khac nhau 

duoi goc do t/c of quyen luc ctr nha nc co chuc nag thog tri ctri of gc va chuc nag xh: 

+ chuc nag thog tri ctri of gc: t/h quyen luc of gc thog tri dvoi xh 

+ chuc nag xh: nn lam cac nghia vu duy tri jai quyet cac moi qhe xh nhu qly vi~ mo nen kte dieu chinh cac qhe theo phap luat, dan ap su chog doi of cac gc khac or bve to quoc 

duoi goc do fam vi tac dog of quyen luc nn dvoi ds xh thi nn co 2 chuc nag doi noi va doi ngoai: 

+ chuc nag doi noi: la nhg mat hoat dog of nn dien ra o trg nc. nn sd cog cu bao luc va bo may thog tri noi chug de duy tri cac mat trt tu e kte, ctri xhva tu tg nham tran ap cac gc khac va bve kte, dia vi thog tri of gc thog tri 

+ chuc nag doi ngoai: jai quyet cac moi qhe doi ngoai doi voi cac nc khac nhu chog xam luoc de bve lah tho or xam luoc de mo rog lah tho, thiet lap cac qhe trao do ve kte, van hoa, khoa hoc de pt dat nc. 

trg 2 chuc nag tren thi chuc nag doi noi quyet dih chuc nag doi ngoai vi quyen luc thog tri trc het pai dc khag dih tr fam vi lah tho quoc ja 

3. dac trug va chuc nag co ban oc nha nc vo san 

nn vo san cug co 3 dac trg va 2 chuc nag nhu cac nn khac tr lsu nh co diem khac o cho: 

- nn vo san la nn kieu moi, nha nc k nguyen nghia hay nha nc nua nn, the hien o nhg dac die sau: 

+ la nn of gc cog nhan,sog do vi tri, dac diem of gcnay nen nn dai dien cho loi ich of da so nhan dan ld, chog lai mot so thieu so boc lot va chog doi da bi dah do nh chua bi tieu diet 

+ la nha nc of dan, do dan, vi dan 

+ la nn do dag cog san to chuc va lah dao, lay hoc thuyet mac lenin lam he tu tg ctri chinh thog, dua tren khoi lien minh cog nog va tri thuc, t/h quyen lam chu cua nhan dan ld 

+ quyen luc nha nc thuoc ve nhan dan 

- nn vo san t/h chuc nag vua tran ap bang bao luc doi voi ban fan cm, vua to chuc xd xh moi. tr do to hcuc xd xh moi la chuc nag chu yeu thuoc ban chat of nah nc xhcn, co y nghia quyet dinh thang loi of chu nghia xh 

- nn vo san la nn wa do se tu tieu vog. tuc la het vtro lsu khi xh k kon che do tu huu va doi khag gc 

4. lien he qtrih xd nn xhcn o nta 

- dh dai bie toan quoc lan thu X khang dih: nn cog hoa xh cn vn la tru cot of hthog ctri o nta nay de t/h thag loi 2 nv chien luoc xd va bve to quoc vn 

- nn chxhcnvn mag ban chat of gc cong nhan dat duoi su lah dao of dag cog san vn 

- nn ta dc to chuc va hoat dog theo ngtac tap trug dan chu, co su phan cog phoi hop chat che giau 3 co quan quyen luc: lap phap, hanh phap, tu phap. bo may nn ta dc to chuc va xd thog wa tog tuyen cu of nhan dan ld, quyen luc toi cao of nhan dan ld dc uynhiem cho bo may cog chuc nn t/h 

- de nn ta thuc su la nn phap quyen of dan, do dan, vi dan, tr gd trc mat, we pai t/h dog bo mot loat nv sau: 

+ doi moi nag cao chat lg cog tac lap phap va jam sat toi cao of quoc hoi doi voi toan bo hoat dog of nn, cai cach nen hanh chih nn, bao gom cai cach the che hanh chinh, to chuc bo may va kien toan doi ngu can bo cog chuc, ca cach to chuc va hoat dog tu phap. 

+ day manh cuoc dau trah chog beh quan lieu, tham nhug tr bo may nn. mat khac can pai ket hop nhg bien phap cap bach voi nhg jai phap co tam chien luoc nham vua hoan thien co che chinh sach, kien toan to chuc, xu ly nghiem kip thoi moi vi fam, toi fam 

- bang viec t/h tog hop va dog bo nhg nv do, chug ta se tug bc hoan thien nn chxhcnvn de xd thanh cog chu nghia xh o nta