The Big Bounce Theory

This is related to quantum loop theory.
Basically, the Big Bounce cosmological theory is that the universe is in a cyclic mode where it expands from a Big Bang, expands some more, and then contracts back to explode again into a new universe. This suggests a series of universe that are never ending.

This idea comes from the concept of cosmic foam, a theoretical structure of space-time that's not smooth but rather chucky in the form of foam that's lumpy. In other words, space is jittery and has a graininess factor that means that not only does space fluctuate but that the constants of physics like the speed of light, also fluctuate. There is supposed observational evidence for this concept. One theory of how this works is the idea that in small regions of space, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle allows for energy to briefly decay into particles and antiparticles that annihilate, which causes the space to shrink.

The Big Bounce theory allows cosmologists to determine the nature of matter and energy before a new Big Bang, which does not decay into a singularity. What happens is that gravity becomes so strong it causes the expansion of space again. This has merit because a singularity violates the Second Law of Thermodynamics. So, the main tenet of the Big Bounce theory is no singularity. Because of this space contains some, but not limitless, amounts of force and energy, and when gravity becomes too strong it switches to act as a repulsive force that causes expansion. Instead of a singularity what you have in this universe creative tiny ball that has finite mass equivalent to a trillion suns in each proton-sized space.

So, what's the bottom line here? Obviously, from this theory the universe, and in fact many universes, have existed and keep cycling. Maybe these universes are connected so that as one expands another contracts like springs. This would imply that their matter in the form of particles are linked in energy streams.
Needless to say that there are a lot of controversial ramifications connected to this theory.

Thanks for reading.